Google Cloud Certified - Professional Cloud Network Engineer Questions and Answers
You have the networking configuration shown in the diagram. A pair of redundant Dedicated Interconnect connections (int-Igal and int-Iga2) terminate on the same Cloud Router. The Interconnect connections terminate on two separate on-premises routers. You are advertising the same prefixes from the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) sessions associated with the Dedicated Interconnect connections. You need to configure one connection as Active for both ingress and egress traffic. If the active Interconnect connection fails, you want the passive Interconnect connection to automatically begin routing all traffic Which two actions should you take to meet this requirement? (Choose Two)
You configured Cloud VPN with dynamic routing via Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). You added a custom route to advertise a network that is reachable over the VPN tunnel. However, the on-premises clients still cannot reach the network over the VPN tunnel. You need to examine the logs in Cloud Logging to confirm that the appropriate routers are being advertised over the VPN tunnel. Which filter should you use in Cloud Logging to examine the logs?
You have applications running in the us-west1 and us-east1 regions. You want to build a highly available VPN that provides 99.99% availability to connect your applications from your project to the cloud services provided by your partner's project while minimizing the amount of infrastructure required. Your partner's services are also in the us-west1 and us-east1 regions. You want to implement the simplest solution. What should you do?
Your company's logo is published as an image file across multiple websites that are hosted by your company You have implemented Cloud CDN, however, you want to improve the performance of the cache hit ratio associated with this image file. What should you do?
You want to use Partner Interconnect to connect your on-premises network with your VPC. You already have an Interconnect partner.
What should you first?
You recently deployed Compute Engine instances in regions us-west1 and us-east1 in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) with default routing configurations. Your company security policy mandates that virtual machines (VMs) must not have public IP addresses attached to them. You need to allow your instances to fetch updates from the internet while preventing external access. What should you do?
You are in the early stages of planning a migration to GCP. You want to test the functionality of your hybrid cloud design before you start to implement it in production. The design includes services running on a Compute Engine Virtual Machine instance that need to communicate to on-premises servers using private IP addresses. The on-premises servers have connectivity to the internet, but you have not yet established any Cloud Interconnect connections. You want to choose the lowest cost method of enabling connectivity between your instance and on-premises servers and complete the test in 24 hours.
Which connectivity method should you choose?
Question:
Your organization has distributed geographic applications with significant data volumes. You need to create a design that exposes the HTTPS workloads globally and keeps traffic costs to a minimum. What should you do?
You are responsible for designing a new connectivity solution between your organization's on-premises data center and your Google Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) network Currently, there Is no end-to-end connectivity. You must ensure a service level agreement (SLA) of 99.99% availability What should you do?
Question:
Your organization has a new security policy that requires you to monitor all egress traffic payloads from your virtual machines in the us-west2 region. You deployed an intrusion detection system (IDS) virtual appliance in the same region to meet the new policy. You now need to integrate the IDS into the environment to monitor all egress traffic payloads from us-west2. What should you do?
Your team deployed two applications in GKE that are exposed through an external Application Load Balancer. When queries are sent to and the correct pages are displayed. However, you have received complaints that yields a 404 error. You need to resolve this error. What should you do?
You create multiple Compute Engine virtual machine instances to be used as TFTP servers.
Which type of load balancer should you use?
You are designing a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster for your organization. The current cluster size is expected to host 10 nodes, with 20 Pods per node and 150 services. Because of the migration of new services over the next 2 years, there is a planned growth for 100 nodes, 200 Pods per node, and 1500 services. You want to use VPC-native clusters with alias IP ranges, while minimizing address consumption.
How should you design this topology?
You work for a university that is migrating to Google Cloud.
These are the cloud requirements:
On-premises connectivity with 10 Gbps
Lowest latency access to the cloud
Centralized Networking Administration Team
New departments are asking for on-premises connectivity to their projects. You want to deploy the most cost-efficient interconnect solution for connecting the campus to Google Cloud.
What should you do?
You have deployed a new internal application that provides HTTP and TFTP services to on-premises hosts. You want to be able to distribute traffic across multiple Compute Engine instances, but need to ensure that clients are sticky to a particular instance across both services.
Which session affinity should you choose?
You are a network administrator at your company planning a migration to Google Cloud and you need to finish the migration as quickly as possible, To ease the transition, you decided to use the same architecture as your on-premises network' a hub-and-spoke model. Your on-premises architecture consists of over 50 spokes. Each spoke does not have connectivity to the other spokes, and all traffic IS sent through the hub for security reasons. You need to ensure that the Google Cloud architecture matches your on-premises architecture. You want to implement a solution that minimizes management overhead and cost, and uses default networking quotas and limits. What should you do?
Your organization wants to deploy HA VPN over Cloud Interconnect to ensure encryption-in-transit over the Cloud Interconnect connections. You have created a Cloud Router and two encrypted VLAN attachments that have a 5 Gbps capacity and a BGP configuration. The BGP sessions are operational. You need to complete the deployment of the HA VPN over Cloud Interconnect. What should you do?
You have a storage bucket that contains the following objects:
- folder-a/image-a-1.jpg
- folder-a/image-a-2.jpg
- folder-b/image-b-1.jpg
- folder-b/image-b-2.jpg
Cloud CDN is enabled on the storage bucket, and all four objects have been successfully cached. You want to remove the cached copies of all the objects with the prefix folder-a, using the minimum number of commands.
What should you do?
You deployed a hub-and-spoke architecture in your Google Cloud environment that uses VPC Network Peering to connect the spokes to the hub. For security reasons, you deployed a private Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster in one of the spoke projects with a private endpoint for the control plane. You configured authorized networks to be the subnet range where the GKE nodes are deployed. When you attempt to reach the GKE control plane from a different spoke project, you cannot access it. You need to allow access to the GKE control plane from the other spoke projects. What should you do?
Question:
Recently, your networking team enabled Cloud CDN for one of the external-facing services that is exposed through an external Application Load Balancer. The application team has already defined which content should be cached within the responses. Upon testing the load balancer, you did not observe any change in performance after the Cloud CDN enablement. You need to resolve the issue. What should you do?
You are configuring a new instance of Cloud Router in your Organization’s Google Cloud environment to allow connection across a new Dedicated Interconnect to your data center Sales, Marketing, and IT each have a service project attached to the Organization’s host project.
Where should you create the Cloud Router instance?
You are designing a hub-and-spoke network architecture for your company’s cloud-based environment. You need to make sure that all spokes are peered with the hub. The spokes must use the hub's virtual appliance for internet access.
The virtual appliance is configured in high-availability mode with two instances using an internal load balancer with IP address 10.0.0.5. What should you do?
You work for a multinational enterprise that is moving to GCP.
These are the cloud requirements:
• An on-premises data center located in the United States in Oregon and New York with Dedicated Interconnects connected to Cloud regions us-west1 (primary HQ) and us-east4 (backup)
• Multiple regional offices in Europe and APAC
• Regional data processing is required in europe-west1 and australia-southeast1
• Centralized Network Administration Team
Your security and compliance team requires a virtual inline security appliance to perform L7 inspection for URL filtering. You want to deploy the appliance in us-west1.
What should you do?
You have an application running on Compute Engine that uses BigQuery to generate some results that are stored in Cloud Storage. You want to ensure that none of the application instances have external IP addresses.
Which two methods can you use to accomplish this? (Choose two.)
There are two established Partner Interconnect connections between your on-premises network and Google Cloud. The VPC that hosts the Partner Interconnect connections is named "vpc-a" and contains three VPC subnets across three regions, Compute Engine instances, and a GKE cluster. Your on-premises users would like to resolve records hosted in a Cloud DNS private zone following Google-recommended practices. You need to implement a solution that allows your on-premises users to resolve records that are hosted in Google Cloud. What should you do?
You have a web application that is currently hosted in the us-central1 region. Users experience high latency when traveling in Asia. You've configured a network load balancer, but users have not experienced a performance improvement. You want to decrease the latency.
What should you do?
You decide to set up Cloud NAT. After completing the configuration, you find that one of your instances is not using the Cloud NAT for outbound NAT.
What is the most likely cause of this problem?
You recently deployed two network virtual appliances in us-central1. Your network appliances provide connectivity to your on-premises network, 10.0.0.0/8. You need to configure the routing for your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Your design must meet the following requirements:
All access to your on-premises network must go through the network virtual appliances.
Allow on-premises access in the event of a single network virtual appliance failure.
Both network virtual appliances must be used simultaneously.
Which method should you use to accomplish this?
You are using a 10-Gbps direct peering connection to Google together with the gsutil tool to upload files to Cloud Storage buckets from on-premises servers. The on-premises servers are 100 milliseconds away from the Google peering point. You notice that your uploads are not using the full 10-Gbps bandwidth available to you. You want to optimize the bandwidth utilization of the connection.
What should you do on your on-premises servers?
You are designing a hybrid cloud environment. Your Google Cloud environment is interconnected with your on-premises network using HA VPN and Cloud Router in a central transit hub VPC. The Cloud Router is configured with the default settings. Your on-premises DNS server is located at 192.168.20.88. You need to ensure that your Compute Engine resources in multiple spoke VPCs can resolve on-premises private hostnames using the domain corp.altostrat.com while also resolving Google Cloud hostnames. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?
You want Cloud CDN to serve the static image file that is hosted in a private Cloud Storage bucket, You are using the VSE ORIG.-X_NZADERS cache mode You receive an HTTP 403 error when opening the file In your browser and you see that the HTTP response has a Cache-control: private, max-age=O header How should you correct this Issue?
Your company has defined a resource hierarchy that includes a parent folder with subfolders for each department. Each department defines their respective project and VPC in the assigned folder and has the appropriate permissions to create Google Cloud firewall rules. The VPCs should not allow traffic to flow between them. You need to block all traffic from any source, including other VPCs, and delegate only the intra-VPC firewall rules to the respective departments. What should you do?
You created a new VPC for your development team. You want to allow access to the resources in this VPC via SSH only.
How should you configure your firewall rules?
You ate planning to use Terraform to deploy the Google Cloud infrastructure for your company, The design must meet the following requirements
• Each Google Cloud project must represent an Internal project that your team Will work on
• After an Internal project is finished, the infrastructure must be deleted
• Each Internal project must have Its own Google Cloud project owner to manage the Google Cloud resources.
• You have 10—100 projects deployed at a time
While you are writing the Terraform code, you need to ensure that the deployment is simple and the code is reusable With
centralized management What should you do?
Your on-premises data center has 2 routers connected to your GCP through a VPN on each router. All applications are working correctly; however, all of the traffic is passing across a single VPN instead of being load-balanced across the 2 connections as desired.
During troubleshooting you find:
•Each on-premises router is configured with the same ASN.
•Each on-premises router is configured with the same routes and priorities.
•Both on-premises routers are configured with a VPN connected to a single Cloud Router.
•The VPN logs have no-proposal-chosen lines when the VPNs are connecting.
•BGP session is not established between one on-premises router and the Cloud Router.
What is the most likely cause of this problem?
You want to use Cloud Interconnect to connect your on-premises network to a GCP VPC. You cannot meet Google at one of its point-of-presence (POP) locations, and your on-premises router cannot run a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) configuration.
Which connectivity model should you use?
Question:
You are configuring the final elements of a migration effort where resources have been moved from on-premises to Google Cloud. While reviewing the deployed architecture, you noticed that DNS resolution is failing when queries are being sent to the on-premises environment. You log in to a Compute Engine instance, try to resolve an on-premises hostname, and the query fails. DNS queries are not arriving at the on-premises DNS server. You need to use managed services to reconfigure Cloud DNS to resolve the DNS error. What should you do?
Your company's security team tends to use managed services when possible. You need to build a dashboard to show the number of deny hits that occur against configured firewall rules without increasing operational overhead. What should you do?
You need to enable Private Google Access for use by some subnets within your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Your security team set up the VPC to send all internet-bound traffic back to the on- premises data center for inspection before egressing to the internet, and is also implementing VPC Service Controls in the environment for API-level security control. You have already enabled the subnets for Private Google Access. What configuration changes should you make to enable Private Google Access while adhering to your security team’s requirements?
You need to define an address plan for a future new GKE cluster in your VPC. This will be a VPC native cluster, and the default Pod IP range allocation will be used. You must pre-provision all the needed VPC subnets and their respective IP address ranges before cluster creation. The cluster will initially have a single node, but it will be scaled to a maximum of three nodes if necessary. You want to allocate the minimum number of Pod IP addresses.
Which subnet mask should you use for the Pod IP address range?
Question:
You need to enable Private Google Access for some subnets within your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Your security team set up the VPC to send all internet-bound traffic back to the on-premises data center for inspection before egressing to the internet, and is also implementing VPC Service Controls for API-level security control. You have already enabled the subnets for Private Google Access. What configuration changes should you make to enable Private Google Access while adhering to your security team's requirements?
You are designing an IP address scheme for new private Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) clusters. Due to IP address exhaustion of the RFC 1918 address space In your enterprise, you plan to use privately used public IP space for the new clusters. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do after designing your IP scheme?
You are deploying a global external TCP load balancing solution and want to preserve the source IP address of the original layer 3 payload.
Which type of load balancer should you use?
You are configuring a new application that will be exposed behind an external load balancer with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and support TCP pass-through on port 443. You will have backends in two regions: us-west1 and us-east1. You want to serve the content with the lowest possible latency while ensuring high availability and autoscaling. Which configuration should you use?
Question:
Your organization's security team recently discovered that there is a high risk of malicious activities originating from some of your VMs connected to the internet. These malicious activities are currently undetected when TLS communication is used. You must ensure that encrypted traffic to the internet is inspected. What should you do?
Your company’s on-premises network is connected to a VPC using a Cloud VPN tunnel. You have a static route of 0.0.0.0/0 with the VPN tunnel as its next hop defined in the VPC. All internet bound traffic currently passes through the on-premises network. You configured Cloud NAT to translate the primary IP addresses of Compute Engine instances in one region. Traffic from those instances will now reach the internet directly from their VPC and not from the on-premises network. Traffic from the virtual machines (VMs) is not translating addresses as expected. What should you do?
You recently noticed a recurring daily spike in network usage in your Google Cloud project. You need to identify the virtual machine (VM) instances and type of traffic causing the spike in traffic utilization while minimizing the cost and management overhead required. What should you do?
Question:
You reviewed the user behavior for your main application, which uses an external global Application Load Balancer, and found that the backend servers were overloaded due to erratic spikes in client requests. You need to limit concurrent sessions and return an HTTP 429 "Too Many Requests" response back to the client while following Google-recommended practices. What should you do?
Question:
Your organization has approximately 100 teams that need to manage their own environments. A central team must manage the network. You need to design a landing zone that provides separate projects for each team and ensure the solution can scale. What should you do?
You want to create a service in GCP using IPv6.
What should you do?
You need to define an address plan for a future new Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster in your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). This will be a VPC-native cluster, and the default Pod IP range allocation will be used. You must pre-provision all the needed VPC subnets and their respective IP address ranges before cluster creation. The cluster will initially have a single node, but it will be scaled to a maximum of three nodes if necessary. You want to allocate the minimum number of Pod IP addresses. Which subnet mask should you use for the Pod IP address range?
You are responsible for enabling Private Google Access for the virtual machine (VM) instances in your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) to access Google APIs. All VM instances have only a private IP address and need to access Cloud Storage. You need to ensure that all VM traffic is routed back to your on-premises data center for traffic scrubbing via your existing Cloud Interconnect connection. However, VM traffic to Google APIs should remain in the VPC. What should you do?
You need to configure the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session for a VPN tunnel you just created between two Google Cloud VPCs, 10.1.0.0/16 and 172.16.0.0/16. You have a Cloud Router (router-1) in the 10.1.0.0/16 network and a second Cloud Router (router-2) in the 172.16.0.0/16 network. Which configuration should you use for the BGP session?
Options:
You are responsible for designing a new connectivity solution for your organization's enterprise network to access and use Google Workspace. You have an existing Shared VPC with Compute Engine instances in us-west1. Currently, you access Google Workspace via your service provider's internet access. You want to set up a direct connection between your network and Google. What should you do?
In your project my-project, you have two subnets in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC): subnet-a with IP range 10.128.0.0/20 and subnet-b with IP range 172.16.0.0/24. You need to deploy database servers in subnet-a. You will also deploy the application servers and web servers in subnet-b. You want to configure firewall rules that only allow database traffic from the application servers to the database servers. What should you do?
One instance in your VPC is configured to run with a private IP address only. You want to ensure that even if this instance is deleted, its current private IP address will not be automatically assigned to a different instance.
In the GCP Console, what should you do?
You successfully provisioned a single Dedicated Interconnect. The physical connection is at a colocation facility closest to us-west2. Seventy-five percent of your workloads are in us-east4, and the remaining twenty-five percent of your workloads are in us-central1. All workloads have the same network traffic profile. You need to minimize data transfer costs when deploying VLAN attachments. What should you do?
You have an application hosted on a Compute Engine virtual machine instance that cannot communicate with a resource outside of its subnet. When you review the flow and firewall logs, you do not see any denied traffic listed.
During troubleshooting you find:
• Flow logs are enabled for the VPC subnet, and all firewall rules are set to log.
• The subnetwork logs are not excluded from Stackdriver.
• The instance that is hosting the application can communicate outside the subnet.
• Other instances within the subnet can communicate outside the subnet.
• The external resource initiates communication.
What is the most likely cause of the missing log lines?
Your company runs an enterprise platform on-premises using virtual machines (VMS). Your internet customers have created tens of thousands of DNS domains panting to your public IP addresses allocated to the Vtvls Typically, your customers hard-code your IP addresses In their DNS records You are now planning to migrate the platform to Compute Engine and you want to use Bring your Own IP you want to minimize disruption to the Platform What Should you d0?
Question:
Your organization wants to seamlessly migrate a global external web application from Compute Engine to GKE. You need to deploy a simple, cloud-first solution that exposes both applications and sends 10% of the requests to the new application. What should you do?
You need to establish network connectivity between three Virtual Private Cloud networks, Sales, Marketing, and Finance, so that users can access resources in all three VPCs. You configure VPC peering between the Sales VPC and the Finance VPC. You also configure VPC peering between the Marketing VPC and the Finance VPC. After you complete the configuration, some users cannot connect to resources in the Sales VPC and the Marketing VPC. You want to resolve the problem.
What should you do?
You need to configure a static route to an on-premises resource behind a Cloud VPN gateway that is configured for policy-based routing using the gcloud command.
Which next hop should you choose?
You have provisioned a Partner Interconnect connection to extend connectivity from your on-premises data center to Google Cloud. You need to configure a Cloud Router and create a VLAN attachment to connect to resources inside your VPC. You need to configure an Autonomous System number (ASN) to use with the associated Cloud Router and create the VLAN attachment.
What should you do?
You have just deployed your infrastructure on Google Cloud. You now need to configure the DNS to meet the following requirements:
Your on-premises resources should resolve your Google Cloud zones.
Your Google Cloud resources should resolve your on-premises zones.
You need the ability to resolve “. internal” zones provisioned by Google Cloud.
What should you do?
