Oracle 1z0-1084-23 Dumps

Explanation

The correct answer is: Test using an API mock of service B. To test service A without deploying all of its dependencies, including service B, you can use an API mock of service B. An API mock is a simulated version of the API that mimics the behavior of the actual service. By using an API mock, you can isolate the testing of service A and simulate the responses and behavior of service B's APIs. With an API mock, you can define the expected responses and behavior of service B's APIs, allowing you to test the integration between service A and the mocked version of service B. This approach enables you to verify the functionality of service A without relying on the availability or changes in the actual service B. By decoupling the dependencies and using an API mock, you can perform independent testing of service A, ensuring its functionality in isolation.

Explanation

The maximum execution time of Oracle Functions is 300 seconds, which is equivalent to 5 minutes. This means that a function running within Oracle Functions cannot exceed a runtime of 5 minutes. If a function requires longer execution times, alternative approaches such as invoking external services asynchronously or using long-running processes should be considered. It is important to design functions with this execution time limitation in mind to ensure optimal performance and efficiency within the Oracle Functions platform.

Explanation

The valid troubleshooting strategy in this scenario is to enable function logging in the OCI console, add some print statements in your function code, and then view the logs to troubleshoot. Enabling function logging allows you to capture and store logs generated by your function during its execution. By adding print statements or log statements in your function code, you can output relevant information and debug messages to the logs. This helps you understand the execution flow, identify any errors or issues, and gather more information about the function's behavior. To troubleshoot the issue of the Python function not stopping the non-compliant OCI compute instances, you can follow these steps: Enable function logging in the OCI console: Enable logging for your function to ensure that logs are captured during its execution. Modify your function code: Add relevant print statements or log statements at key points in your code to output debug information or verify the execution flow. For example, you can print the instance details that are being evaluated for compliance. Invoke the function: Trigger the function execution either through an event or manually. View the logs: Access the function logs in the OCI console or retrieve them programmatically. Look for the expected print statements or log entries that indicate the status of each instance and the decisions made by the function. By reviewing the logs, you can analyze the output and identify any issues or discrepancies. It can help you determine if the function is correctly evaluating the compliance criteria, retrieving the instance details, or making the necessary API calls to stop the instances. You may need to adjust your code logic or investigate further based on the information provided in the logs. Enabling function remote debugging is not a suitable strategy in this case because it is primarily used for inspecting and debugging the function code during development, rather than troubleshooting issues in a deployed function. Enabling function tracing can provide insights into the execution flow and performance of the function but may not directly address the issue of the instances not being stopped. Ensuring that the application is deployed within the same OCI compartment as the instance is not directly related to troubleshooting the issue with the non-compliant instances. It is a consideration for access and permissions but does not provide specific insights into the problem at hand. Remember to refer to the Oracle Functions documentation and consult the official resources for detailed instructions and best practices on troubleshooting and monitoring Oracle Functions.

Explanation

The correct command to rebuild the API docker image and tag it as OCIdevops/api:latest is: docker build -t OCIdevops/api:latest The docker build command is used to build a Docker image from a Dockerfile. The -t flag is used to specify the name and optionally a tag for the image. In this case, the name of the image is OCIdevops/api and the tag is latest. By running this command, the Docker image will be recreated based on the instructions in the Dockerfile and tagged with the specified name and tag.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "read only." The layers of a Docker image are read-only. Once a layer is created, it cannot be modified. Each layer represents a Dockerfile instruction, and it is stacked on top of the previous layer, forming a stack of immutable layers. These layers are designed to be read-only to ensure consistency and integrity of the image. When a Docker image is built, each instruction in the Dockerfile creates a new layer. Each layer represents the changes made by that instruction relative to the previous layer. The layers are stacked on top of each other to form the complete image. This layer-based approach allows for efficient storage and distribution of Docker images. Because the layers are read-only, any changes or modifications to the image result in the creation of new layers rather than modifying the existing ones. This immutability ensures that each layer remains intact and preserves the integrity of the image. It also enables Docker's caching mechanism, where previously built layers can be reused if the corresponding instructions haven't changed, speeding up the image build process. The other options mentioned, such as "write only," "write once," "movable," and "read mostly," do not accurately describe the permission associated with Docker image layers. Docker image layers are specifically designed to be read-only.

Explanation

The correct statements are: A common context to store configuration variables that are available to all functions in the application. A Docker image containing all the functions that share the same configuration. A logical group of functions.Explanation: An Oracle Functions application provides a common context for functions within the application. It allows you to store configuration variables that are accessible by all the functions in the application. Functions within the same application can share the same Docker image, which contains the common configuration and dependencies. An Oracle Functions application serves as a logical group that organizes related functions. Functions within the same application can be managed collectively, and they can interact and share resources within the application context.

Explanation

The correct answer is: fn deploy --app travel-app --allExplanation: To build and deploy multiple Oracle Functions as part of a single application named "travel-app," you can use the fn deploy command with the appropriate options. The command fn deploy --app travel-app --all is the correct syntax. Here's what each part of the command does: fn deploy: This command is used to deploy functions and applications in Oracle Functions. --app travel-app: This option specifies the application name as "travel-app," indicating that you want to deploy functions to this application. --all: This option indicates that you want to deploy all the functions within the application. By using fn deploy --app travel-app --all, you can build and deploy all the functions in your travel application across different programming languages (Java, Python, and Node.js) to the "travel-app" application in Oracle Functions.

A pod is the smallest and simplest unit in the Kubernetes object model that you create or deploy2. A pod represents a single instance of a running process in your cluster. Pods contain one or more containers, such as Docker containers. When you create a pod, you define how much CPU and memory (RAM) each container needs. A pod can also include storage volumes, IP addresses, options that govern how the container(s) should run, and more2. Pods are the basic building blocks of larger Kubernetes constructs such as deployments, replica sets, and services2.

The logconfig.json file is a configuration file that specifies how the Unified Monitoring Agent collects and uploads custom logs to the OCI Logging service2. The logconfig.json file contains an array of objects, each representing a custom log configuration2. Each custom log configuration object has the following fields2:

• logGroupObjectId: The OCID of the log group where the custom log is stored.
• logObjectId: The OCID of the custom log.
• paths: An array of paths to files or directories containing the custom logs.
• src: A regular expression that matches the files containing the custom logs.
• parser: A parser definition that specifies how to parse the custom logs. If the logconfig.json file has incorrect or missing OCID for the custom log in the logobjectId field, or incorrect or missing OCID for the custom log group in the logGroupObjectId field, then the Unified Monitoring Agent will not be able to upload the custom logs to the OCI Logging service2. Therefore, these are potential reasons for logs from the Meshifyd application not showing up in the OCI Logging service. Verified References: Unified Monitoring Agent Configuration File

Explanation

The valid OKE cluster network configuration that meets the requirement of having the least attack surface while still allowing direct access to the deployed applications from the Internet is: Private subnets for nodes and the Kubernetes API endpoint; public subnets for load balancers. By placing the nodes and the Kubernetes API endpoint in private subnets, they are not directly accessible from the Internet, reducing the attack surface. The load balancers, on the other hand, are placed in public subnets, allowing them to be accessed from the Internet and serve as the entry point for accessing the deployed applications. This configuration ensures that the critical components of the cluster, such as the nodes and the API endpoint, are protected within the private network, while still providing accessibility to the applications through the load balancers. It helps to enhance security by limiting direct access to the internal components of the cluster while maintaining the availability of the deployed applications.

API mocking is a technique that simulates the behavior of real APIs without requiring the actual implementation or deployment of the dependent services1. API mocking allows you to test changes to service A without deploying all of its dependencies, such as service B, by creating mock responses for the APIs that service A relies on1. API mocking has several benefits, such as1:

• Faster testing: You can test your service A without waiting for service B to be ready or available, which reduces the testing time and feedback loop.
• Isolated testing: You can test your service A in isolation from service B, which eliminates the possibility of external factors affecting the test results or causing errors.
• Controlled testing: You can test your service A with different scenarios and edge cases by creating mock responses that mimic various situations, such as success, failure, timeout, etc.

Explanation

The term that describes a group formed by a master machine and a worker machine in a Kubernetes architecture is "Cluster". A cluster in Kubernetes consists of one or more master machines and multiple worker machines (also known as nodes). The master machine manages the overall control plane and orchestrates the deployment and management of containers on the worker nodes. The worker nodes are responsible for running the containers and executing the workloads. The cluster is the fundamental unit of organization and management in Kubernetes, providing the infrastructure and resources to run and manage containerized applications. It ensures high availability, scalability, and fault tolerance for the applications deployed within it.

Explanation

The valid statements regarding the OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) service are: OKE automatically creates and configures new network resources for the new cluster. When creating a new OKE cluster, the service automatically provisions and configures the necessary network resources, such as VCNs, subnets, route tables, security lists, and load balancers, to support the cluster. Your tenancy must have sufficient quota on different types of resources. Before creating an OKE cluster, you need to ensure that your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) tenancy has sufficient quota for the required resources, such as compute instances, block storage, networking resources, and load balancers. You must have access to an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure tenancy. To use the OKE service, you need to have access to an OCI tenancy. This means you must have a valid OCI account and the necessary permissions to create and manage resources within the tenancy. Thefollowing statements are not valid: OKE cannot use existing network resources for the creation of a new cluster. OKE creates new network resources specifically for the cluster, and it does not support using existing network resources. There is a limit of three clusters within each region, but there is no limit on the number of nodes and pods you can create within each cluster. This statement is incorrect. There is no specific limit on the number of clusters you can create within a region in OKE. However, there may be certain limits or quotas on resources that can impact the number of clusters you can create.

Explanation

The smallest unit of Kubernetes architecture is a Pod. A Pod is a logical grouping of one or more containers that are deployed together on the same host and share the same network namespace, storage, and other resources. It represents the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes and is used to encapsulate and manage one or more closely related containers. Containers within a Pod are scheduled and deployed together, allowing them to communicate and share resources efficiently.

Explanation

Oracle Functions does not currently support PL/SQL as a language for writing function code. PL/SQL is a procedural language used in Oracle Database for developing stored procedures, triggers, and other database-related code. However, Oracle Functions supports several other popular programming languages such as Go, Node.js, Python, and Java, allowing developers to choose the language that best suits their application requirements and their familiarity with the language. While PL/SQL is powerful for working with the Oracle Database, it is not an option for writing function code in the Oracle Functions serverless architecture.

Explanation

A valid concern that needs to be further investigated in this scenario is whether the OKE cluster has a secret with the credentials of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry (OCIR) repository and if that secret is being used in the Kubernetes deployment manifest. Here's why this concern is relevant: Access to the OCIR repository: In order for the OKE cluster to pull images from the OCIR repository, it needs proper authentication credentials. These credentials are typically provided in the form of a secret, which contains the necessary information to authenticate with the registry. Secret in the deployment manifest: The Kubernetes deployment manifest defines how the application containers should be deployed. It includes specifications such as the container image, resource requirements, and environment variables. To pull images from a private repository like OCIR, the deployment manifest needs to reference the appropriate secret that contains the registry credentials. If the images are not being pulled from the designated OCIR repository, it suggests that either the secret with the OCIR credentials is missing or it is not properly referenced in the deployment manifest. Further investigation should focus on verifying the presence and correctness of the secret, as well as confirming that it is correctly referenced in the deployment manifest for the application containers. By ensuring the presence of the secret and proper configuration in the deployment manifest, the OKE cluster will have the necessary credentials to access the OCIR repository and successfully deploy the application containers.

To pull a Docker image from OCI Registry to the client machine, you need to use the docker pull command with the following syntax1: docker pull .ocir.io//: where:

• is the key for the OCI Registry region you’re using. For example, iad. See Availability by Region1.
• ocir.io is the OCI Registry name.
• is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of the tenancy that owns the repository from which you want to pull the image (as shown on the Tenancy Information page)1.
• is the name of the repository that contains the image you want to pull.
• is the tag of the image you want to pull.

 Cloud native is the software approach of building, deploying, and managing modern applications in cloud computing environments3. Cloud native apps are designed and built to exploit the scale, elasticity, resiliency, and flexibility the cloud provides4. Cloud native technologies support fast and frequent changes to applications without impacting service delivery, providing adopters with an innovative, competitive advantage3. Therefore, cloud native refers to the design and deployment of applications that are optimized for cloud infrastructure. Verified References: What is Cloud Native? - Everything you need to know, What is Cloud Native?| Microsoft Learn

Explanation

The correct value for the "type" field in the API deployment specification is "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND". By setting the "type" to "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND", you are indicating that the backend for the specified route should return a pre-defined response. This type of backend is commonly used when you want a specific response to be returned consistently, regardless of the actual backend service implementation. In this case, the API deployment specification is configured to have a single route with the path "/hello" and the method "GET". The backend section specifies the type as "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND". Additionally, it defines the response status code as 200, setsthe "Content-Type" header to "application/json", and provides the JSON content in the "body" field. Using this configuration, any request to the "/hello" path with the "GET" method will always receive a consistent JSON response with the content "{"myjson": "consistent response"}".

Explanation

The correct approach to receive an email each time a Terraform action begins in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Resource Manager without writing any code is as follows: Create an OCI Notification topic and email subscription with the destination email address. This will define the email delivery configuration. Create an OCI Events rule that matches the "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition. This rule will be triggered when a Resource Manager job is created. In the OCI Events rule, select the notification topic that was created in step 1 as the action for the corresponding event. This will ensure that the notification is sent to the specified email address. By following these steps, you can configure the OCI Events service to send an email notification whenever a Resource Manager job is created in OCI Resource Manager.

An Ingress Controller is a Kubernetes resource that provides advanced routing and load balancing for your applications running on a Kubernetes cluster1. An Ingress Controller allows you to define rules that specify how to route traffic to different services in your cluster based on the host name or path of the incoming request1. By deploying an Ingress Controller and using it to expose multiple application endpoints, you can achieve the following benefits1:

• Cost-effectiveness: You only need to create one load balancer instance per cluster, instead of one per service, which reduces the cost of exposing your applications.
• Simplicity: You only need to manage one set of routing rules for all your services, instead of configuring each service separately, which simplifies the application deployment and maintenance.
• Flexibility: You can use different types of Ingress Controllers, such as NGINX or Traefik, that offer various features and customization options for your routing needs.

Explanation

The two characteristics of microservices are: Microservices can be independently deployed: One of the key principles of microservices architecture is the ability to independently deploy each microservice. This means that changes or updates to one microservice can be made and deployed without affecting other microservices. It allows for faster and more frequent deployments, enabling agile development and scalability. Microservices communicate over lightweight APIs: Microservices communicate with each other through lightweight APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). This enables loose coupling between microservices, as they can interact with each other using standard protocols like HTTP/REST or messaging systems like RabbitMQ or Kafka. Lightweight APIs facilitate flexibility and interoperability between microservices, making it easier to develop and maintain complex systems. The remaining statement, "All microservices share a data store," is not a characteristic of microservices. Microservices are designed to be autonomous and have their own data storage or database. Each microservice has its own data store, which promotes the principle of bounded contexts and avoids tight coupling between services. This allows for better scalability and independence of data management within each microservice.

Explanation

The user is responsible for patching, upgrading, and maintaining the worker nodes in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE). In OKE, the user has control over the worker nodes, which are the compute instances that run the Kubernetes worker components. As the user, you are responsible for managing and maintaining these worker nodes, including tasks such as patching the underlying operating system, upgrading Kubernetes versions, and performing any necessary maintenance activities. While Oracle provides the underlying infrastructure and support services, including managing the control plane and ensuring the availability of the OKE service, the responsibility for managing the worker nodes lies with the user. This allows you to have control and flexibility in managing your Kubernetes environment according to your specific needs and requirements.

In the shared responsibility model, Oracle is responsible for securing the underlying cloud infrastructure and platform services, while customers are responsible for securing theirdata and applications within the cloud4. For provisioned OKE clusters, Oracle manages the control plane (master nodes) of the Kubernetes cluster, while customers manage the data plane (worker nodes) of the cluster5. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the customer to perform patching, upgrading, and maintaining of the worker nodes in provisioned OKE clusters5. Customers can use tools such as Terraform or kubectl to automate these tasks5.

Explanation

The option that will get you more information on the error when invoking Oracle Functions from your Cloud Shell session is: "DEBUG=1 fn invoke myapp myfunction". Setting the environment variable DEBUG=1 before invoking the function using the fn command allows you to enable debug mode, which provides more detailed information about the execution of the function. This can be useful for troubleshooting and understanding the root cause of the error. By using the command "DEBUG=1 fn invoke myapp myfunction", the function invocation will be executed with debug mode enabled, and additional debug information will be displayed in the console output. This information can include stack traces, detailed error messages, and other relevant details that can help identify and resolve the issue. Using the verbose option (--verbose) or debug option (--debug) with the fn command may also provide additional information, but the specific behavior may depend on the version and configuration of the fn CLI tool. While contacting Oracle support with the error message is always an option, enabling debug mode using the DEBUG=1 environment variable provides immediate access to more detailed information and can help in diagnosing and resolving the error more efficiently.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Once rotated, older key versions can be used for encryption until they are deleted." The statement that is NOT valid about rotating keys in the OCI Vault service is: "Once rotated, older key versions can be used for encryption until they are deleted." In the OCI Vault service, when you rotate a master encryption key (MEK), a new key version is automatically generated. However, once a key is rotated and a new version is created, the older key versions are no longer usable for encryption. The purpose of key rotation is to ensure that the encryption keys are regularly updated and that older keys are no longer used to protect sensitive data. This enhances security by minimizing the impact of potential key compromises. The other statements mentioned are valid: Both software and hardware security module (HSM)-protected MEKs can be rotated. This provides flexibility in choosing the type of MEK and ensures that key rotation can be performed regardless of the encryption method used. Each key version is tracked internally with separate unique OCIDs (Oracle Cloud Identifiers). This allows for easy management and tracking of different key versions within the OCI Vault service. In summary, the statement that is NOT valid is the one suggesting that older key versions can still be used for encryption until they are deleted. Key rotation is designed to ensure the use of the latest key version and to retire older key versions to enhance security.

Explanation

The correct syntax for implementing a rolling update deployment strategy in Kubernetes using the kubectl command is: kubectl rolling-update --image=image:v2 This command initiates a rolling update of the specified deployment by updating the container image to image:v2. The rolling update strategy ensures that the new version of the application is gradually deployed while maintaining availability and minimizing downtime.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Tightly coupled." Tightly coupling is not a criterion that is usually met by a microservice. In fact, microservices are designed to be loosely coupled. Loosely coupling refers to reducing dependencies and minimizing the direct interactions between different components or services. Microservices promote independence and autonomy, allowing each service to operate independently without being tightly bound to other services. The other options listed are criteria that are typically met by microservices: Organized around business capabilities: Microservices architecture suggests designing services around specific business capabilities or functionalities. This allows for focused and specialized services that align with the organization's business needs. Independently deployable: Microservices are designed to be independently deployable units. Each microservice can be developed, tested, and deployed separately, without impacting other services. This enables agility and scalability in the deployment process. Highly maintainable: Microservices are often designed to be highly maintainable. They are smaller in scope and focused on specific tasks, making it easier to manage and maintain individual services. Additionally, microservices can be updated, patched, or replaced without affecting the entire system, facilitating easier maintenance and evolution of the application. Therefore, the criterion that is NOT typically met by a microservice is being tightly coupled.

To prevent images from being deleted from a repository, you can set the global policy of image retention to “Retain All Images”. This policy applies to all repositories in the tenancy and overrides any individual repository settings. You can also lock the policy to prevent any changes to it.Verified References: Using Retention Rules to Preserve Data

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Resiliency is about recovering from failures without downtime or data loss." Service resiliency, in the context of cloud-native applications, is the ability of a service or system to recover from failures and continue functioning without downtime or data loss. It involves designing and implementing mechanisms to handle failures, such as network outages, hardware failures, or software errors, in a way that minimizes the impact on the overall system. The goal of resiliency isto ensure that the application or service can continue to operate and provide a certain level of functionality, even in the face of failures. This typically involves techniques such as redundancy, fault tolerance, and graceful degradation. By implementing resiliency measures, a cloud-native application can recover and adapt to failures, maintain availability, and preserve data integrity. The other statements are not accurate regarding service resiliency: Resiliency is not about not bringing a service to a functioning state after a failure. Instead, it is about recovering from failures and ensuring continued functionality. Resiliency is not about avoiding failures entirely. While it is desirable to prevent failures, resiliency focuses on the ability to handle and recover from failures when they do occur. Resiliency testing is not limited to a test environment. It is important to test and validate the resiliency measures in both test environments and production environments to ensure the application can effectively handle failures in real-world scenarios.