Paloalto Networks PSE-Strata Dumps

File Blocking Profiles can help prevent drive-by downloads by blocking certain types of file downloads that are commonly associated with malware. This allows web-browsing traffic to continue but prevents potentially harmful files from being downloaded automatically, thus protecting against malicious software that could be installed without user consent.

References:

Palo Alto Networks' documentation on File Blocking Profiles

OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) guidelines on preventing drive-by downloads

Expedition is a tool provided by Palo Alto Networks to help streamline the migration and optimization of security policies. Two key presales selling advantages of using Expedition are:

Streamline & Migrate to Layer7 Policies Using Policy Optimizer: Policy Optimizer helps in converting traditional Layer 3/4 policies into more granular Layer 7 application-based policies. This migration ensures more precise control and better security by focusing on the actual applications rather than just IP addresses and ports.

Reduce Effort to Implement Policies Based on App-ID and User-ID: Expedition facilitates the implementation of security policies based on Palo Alto Networks' App-ID and User-ID technologies. This reduces the complexity and effort required to manage security policies, as policies can be applied based on specific applications and user identities, leading to more effective and efficient security management.

Palo Alto Networks' Threat Intelligence Cloud sources malware sample data from various significant inputs:

Next-generation firewalls deployed with WildFire Analysis Security Profiles: These firewalls are equipped with WildFire Analysis Security Profiles, which analyze unknown files and email links to detect zero-day threats and malware. This provides a rich source of real-time threat data.

WF-500 configured as private clouds for privacy concerns: The WF-500 appliance is used by organizations that prefer to maintain privacy and have stringent data control requirements. It serves as a private cloud for malware analysis, adding another layer of data collection.

Third-party data feeds: Partnerships with organizations like ProofPoint and the Cyber Threat Alliance enable Palo Alto Networks to integrate additional threat intelligence feeds. These third-party collaborations expand the breadth and depth of threat data available for analysis and defense​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

When HTTP header logging is enabled on a URL Filtering profile in Palo Alto Networks firewalls, the attribute-value that can be logged includes:

X-Forwarded-For (A): This HTTP header is commonly used to identify the originating IP address of a client connecting to a web server through an HTTP proxy or load balancer. Logging this header allows administrators to track the source IP addresses of clients accessing resources through proxies, providing better visibility into user activity.

References:

Palo Alto Networks, URL Filtering Profiles Documentation.

HTTP Header Field Definitions (RFC 7239).

In an HA (High Availability) pair running in Active/Passive mode, the dataplanes communicate over the HA3 interface. This interface is used for the synchronization of session information and other runtime data between the active and passive firewalls, ensuring stateful failover and seamless transition in case of a failure.

Dynamic User Groups (DUGs) is a built-in feature of PAN-OS that allows NGFW administrators to create policies that provide auto-remediation for anomalous user behavior and malicious activity while maintaining user visibility. DUGs dynamically update group membership based on user attributes and behavior, enabling real-time policy enforcement and automatic response to security incidents.

The Automated Correlation Engine in PAN-OS is designed to analyze firewall logs to detect and correlate actionable events on the network. This feature processes a series of related threat events to identify compromised hosts or other significant security issues. By automatically pinpointing areas of risk and providing detailed insights, it allows administrators to assess vulnerabilities and take preventive measures to protect network resources. This capability is crucial for optimizing security outcomes and maintaining a robust defense posture.

Prisma SaaS offers several threat prevention capabilities, including:

File Quarantine: This feature isolates suspicious files detected in SaaS applications, preventing them from spreading or causing harm until they can be further analyzed and remediated.

WildFire Analysis: Prisma SaaS leverages WildFire, Palo Alto Networks' advanced malware analysis service, to examine suspicious files and links in SaaS applications, providing thorough threat detection and prevention​ (LIVEcommunity | Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

To enable Credential Phishing Prevention on a Palo Alto Networks firewall, three key settings must be configured:

Define an SSL Decryption Rulebase: SSL decryption is necessary to inspect encrypted traffic for credential submission attempts. Without decryption, the firewall cannot see the contents of SSL/TLS encrypted traffic.

Enable User-ID: User-ID is needed to associate traffic with specific users, which is crucial for applying user-specific security policies, including credential phishing prevention.

Define URL Filtering Profile: A URL filtering profile is used to identify and block access to phishing websites. This profile can be configured to enforce strict controls over websites that users are allowed to access, thus preventing credential submission to malicious sites.

These configurations ensure that the firewall can effectively monitor and prevent phishing attempts by inspecting traffic, associating it with users, and controlling access to potentially harmful websites.

The sinkhole IP address provided by DNS Security serves two main benefits:

Client Communication (A): When the client communicates with the sinkhole IP address instead of the malicious IP address, it prevents the client from establishing a connection with the malicious server. This helps in protecting the client from potential harm and disrupts the malicious activity.

Client Identification (D): If the internal DNS server is positioned between the client and the firewall, the sinkhole IP address allows the firewall to identify which clients are attempting to access the malicious domain. This information is critical for administrators to take further action, such as cleaning the infected devices and enhancing security policies.

References:

Palo Alto Networks, DNS Security and Sinkhole Configuration documentation.

When access to a business site is blocked by URL Filtering inline machine learning (ML) and it is identified as a false positive, the appropriate way to resolve this is to create a custom URL category and add the site to the exceptions list of the inline ML profile. This ensures that the specific URL is no longer subjected to the filtering rules applied by the inline ML, thereby allowing access to the site.

Creating a custom URL category and adding it to the exceptions of the inline ML profile ensures that the legitimate business site is accessible without completely disabling the URL Filtering inline ML feature, which would reduce overall security effectiveness.

References:

Palo Alto Networks, URL Filtering Administration Guide.

Decryption port mirroring is supported on all hardware-based and VM-Series firewalls, with specific exceptions.

Decryption port mirroring: This feature allows the firewall to forward decrypted traffic to a traffic analysis tool, providing visibility into encrypted traffic. It is supported on all hardware-based and VM-Series firewalls, except for deployments on VMware NSX, Citrix SDX, or public cloud hypervisors.

 To protect against port scans from the internet, a Zone Protection Profile should be applied to the zone of the ingress interface. This profile helps defend the network by setting thresholds for various types of scans and attacks, including port scans, thus reducing the risk of reconnaissance activities that precede actual attacks​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.QUESTION NO: 43

When log sizing is factored for the Cortex Data Lake on the NGFW, what is the average log size used in calculation?

A. 8MB

B. depends on the Cortex Data Lake tier purchased

C. 18 bytes

D. 1500 bytes

Answer: D

When calculating log sizing for the Cortex Data Lake on the NGFW, the average log size used is 1500 bytes. This size helps in estimating storage requirements and planning for log retention policies efficiently, ensuring that there is adequate storage capacity to handle the volume of logs generated by the network firewalls​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.QUESTION NO: 44

What can be applied to prevent users from unknowingly downloading malicious file types from the internet?

A. A vulnerability profile to security policy rules that deny general web access

B. An antivirus profile to security policy rules that deny general web access

C. A zone protection profile to the untrust zone

D. A file blocking profile to security policy rules that allow general web access

Answer: D

To prevent users from unknowingly downloading malicious file types from the internet, a File Blocking Profile should be applied to security policy rules that allow general web access. This profile can be configured to block or alert on downloads of specific file types that are commonly used to deliver malware, providing an additional layer of protection against threats​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

The command show sdwan rule interface allows you to view the names of SD-WAN policy rules that send traffic to the specified virtual SD-WAN interface. This command also provides performance metrics related to the specified interface, helping administrators monitor and troubleshoot SD-WAN policies and their effectiveness​ (Marks4Sure)​.

The Palo Alto Networks Security Operating Platform is designed to prevent various stages of the cyberattack lifecycle. Specifically, it effectively prevents the following four stages:

Breach the Perimeter: By using advanced threat prevention mechanisms, the platform can stop initial attempts to penetrate the network perimeter.

Lateral Movement: Once inside the network, attackers often try to move laterally to access more systems. The platform uses network segmentation and advanced monitoring to detect and prevent such movements.

Exfiltrate Data: Data exfiltration is the process of unauthorized data transfer out of the network. The platform employs data loss prevention (DLP) technologies to detect and block such attempts.

Deliver the Malware: The platform can prevent malware delivery through its threat prevention capabilities, including anti-malware, anti-spyware, and sandboxing technologies.

These steps cover critical phases where the platform can intervene to stop attacks before they cause significant damage.

When a packet associated with an existing session arrives at the firewall, it is processed through the fast path because the session establishment has already occurred, so the session lookup can be quickly determined. If the packet is subject to content inspection, it will then be processed through a single stream-based content inspection engine before it is allowed to egress. This approach ensures efficient packet handling and minimizes latency while maintaining necessary security inspections.

For securing a headquarters environment where users access various web resources, Advanced URL Filtering (AURLF) is recommended.

Advanced URL Filtering (AURLF):

Provides real-time protection against malicious websites and phishing attacks by analyzing URLs and blocking access to dangerous sites.

Ensures users at the headquarters are protected from web-based threats.

In the first step of the Palo Alto Networks Five-Step Zero Trust Methodology, "Define the protect surface," an organization identifies its critical data, applications, assets, and services (DAAS). This step is crucial because it determines what needs to be protected within the Zero Trust framework. By clearly defining the protect surface, organizations can focus their security efforts on the most critical areas.

The Query Builder found in the Custom Report creation dialog of the firewall specifically includes the following components:

Connector (A): This is used to connect different parts of the query, allowing the user to specify how data elements are linked.

Operator (D): Operators are used to define the conditions for the query, such as equals, not equals, greater than, etc.

Attribute (E): Attributes represent the fields or data points that can be queried.

These components are essential for building effective and precise queries within the custom report creation functionality of the firewall, ensuring that users can extract relevant data based on specific conditions.

When having a customer pre-sales call, the aspect of the NGFW that should be covered is:

A. The NGFW simplifies your operations through analytics and automation while giving you consistent protection through exceptional visibility and control across the data center, perimeter, branch, mobile, and cloud networks.

This aspect highlights the key benefits of using the NGFW, such as operational simplification through advanced analytics and automation, and comprehensive protection across various parts of the network. This message effectively communicates the value proposition of the NGFW to potential customers, making it a crucial point to cover in pre-sales discussions.

The CLI command to view SD-WAN events, such as path selection and path quality measurements, is essential for network administrators to monitor and troubleshoot SD-WAN operations.

CLI Command:

>show sdwan event

This command provides visibility into SD-WAN events, including path selection decisions and path quality metrics.

When customers have high bandwidth requirements for Service Connections and need to onboard multiple Service Connections to the same Prisma Access location servicing a single datacenter, there are specific limitations to consider:

A. Network segments in the datacenter need to be advertised to only one Service Connection to prevent routing issues and ensure that traffic is properly managed and routed without conflicts.

B. The customer edge device must support policy-based routing with symmetric return functionality. This requirement ensures that traffic is routed back through the same path it came from, maintaining session integrity and preventing asymmetric routing issues, which can lead to packet loss and connection instability.

In a Palo Alto Networks firewall, when configuring User-ID, there are two essential components that must be configured: User Mapping and Group Mapping.

User Mapping involves identifying users by their usernames, which helps in associating network traffic with user activity. This is critical for applying user-specific policies and monitoring user activities.

Group Mapping involves associating users with their respective groups, typically pulled from a directory service like LDAP. This allows the firewall to apply policies based on group membership, making it easier to manage policies for large numbers of users.

These components enable the firewall to enforce security policies based on user identity and group membership, enhancing overall network security by ensuring that policies are applied accurately.

When configuring Prisma Cloud to scan your Amazon S3 account, the service requires specific permissions to access your S3 resources. This is achieved by providing the access key ID, which, along with the secret access key, allows Prisma Cloud to authenticate and authorize the necessary access to your S3 buckets. This method ensures secure and efficient management of permissions and access within your AWS environment​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

Using Panorama for managing virtual firewalls in a data center deployment provides several advantages:

Automated Correlation Engine Functionality: Panorama offers an Automated Correlation Engine that can aggregate and analyze logs from multiple firewalls, including virtual ones, to identify patterns and threats that individual firewalls might not detect. This centralized analysis capability is crucial for comprehensive threat detection and response​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

Bootstrapping Virtual Firewalls: Panorama can automate the deployment of virtual firewalls by using bootstrapping configurations. This allows for dynamic and rapid deployment of firewalls in cloud environments, ensuring that security policies are consistently applied from the moment the virtual firewalls are launched​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

AutoFocus is a threat intelligence service provided by Palo Alto Networks that gives context and insight into threat data by leveraging a vast repository of threat intelligence data. It can inform customers about whether a zero-day attack is specifically targeted at their organization by correlating global threat intelligence with local data. This allows the customer to understand the specific nature and scope of the threat, providing actionable insights to mitigate such attacks.

For large-scale deployments of Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs) with multiple Panorama Management Servers, the Panorama Interconnect plugin is essential. This plugin enables the interconnection and management of multiple Panorama instances, allowing for centralized policy management and configuration across a distributed network environment. It ensures scalability and efficient management in large deployments.

To trigger a known spyware threat signature based on a rate of occurrence (e.g., 10 hits in 5 seconds), you need to add a correlation object that tracks the occurrences and triggers an alert or action when the specified threshold is met. This correlation object monitors the frequency of the spyware signatures and ensures that action is taken only when the threshold is exceeded, providing more granular control over threat detection and response.

References: Palo Alto Networks Threat Prevention and Correlation Objects documentation.

Correlation objects in Palo Alto Networks' security solutions are designed to identify and highlight potential security risks. Two key network events that are flagged as potential security risks include:

Identified Vulnerability Exploits: These are attempts to exploit known vulnerabilities within the network. By correlating various data points, the system can identify patterns that suggest an exploit attempt is in progress, allowing for timely intervention and mitigation​ (Marks4Sure)​.

Suspicious Host Behavior: This includes any activity that deviates from normal behavior patterns for hosts within the network. Such behaviors might indicate compromised systems or malicious insiders. By analyzing and correlating these anomalies, the system helps in identifying potential security breaches early​ (Marks4Sure)​.

For a price-sensitive customer needing to secure a Windows Virtual Server with a maximum throughput of 100Mbps and requiring up to 45,000 sessions, the VM-200 instance is the appropriate choice. The VM-200 is designed to handle up to 100Mbps of throughput and supports a sufficient number of sessions to meet the customer's requirements, making it a cost-effective and suitable option for this use case​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

Deploying Panorama in a High Availability (HA) configuration provides significant advantages, especially for maintaining the management layer and ensuring robust log collection. Here are the key reasons:

Ensure Management Continuity: By deploying a second Panorama appliance in an HA setup, you can ensure continuous management of your firewall environment. In the event that the primary Panorama appliance fails, the secondary appliance can take over, ensuring that there is no interruption in management capabilities. This is crucial for maintaining operational stability and uninterrupted administrative functions​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

Improve Log Collection Redundancy: An HA setup improves the redundancy and reliability of log collection. If the primary Panorama appliance that is collecting logs from various firewalls becomes unavailable, the secondary appliance can continue the log collection process. This ensures that all security events and network activities are recorded without gaps, which is essential for effective monitoring and incident response​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks Knowledge Base)​.

WildFire signatures are generated based on the analysis of unknown files submitted to the WildFire cloud. These signatures are updated and pushed to the antivirus database every 24 hours. This frequent update cycle ensures that the firewall can detect and block the latest threats quickly and effectively, minimizing the window of exposure to new malware.

Before deploying a firewall evaluation unit in a customer environment, it is essential to take certain preparatory actions to ensure a smooth evaluation process and accurate results.

Upgrade the evaluation unit to the most current recommended firmware, unless a demo of the upgrade process is planned (Option C):

Ensures that the evaluation unit is running the latest and most secure firmware, providing the best performance and security features available.

The Decryption Broker in Palo Alto Networks supports the following types of security chains:

Virtual wire: This mode allows for seamless integration of the Decryption Broker into the network without the need for IP addressing, providing a transparent method of traffic inspection and decryption.

Layer 3: In this mode, the Decryption Broker operates at the network layer, allowing for routing and advanced inspection of decrypted traffic.

These security chains enable the Decryption Broker to decrypt SSL/TLS traffic and forward it to other security devices for further inspection, enhancing overall security posture.

References:

Palo Alto Networks Decryption Broker Documentation

Palo Alto Networks SSL Decryption Guide

Palo Alto Networks Single Pass Parallel Processing (SP3) architecture is designed to handle traffic efficiently and securely. The key aspect of SP3 is:

Single Pass Processing (C): This means that all traffic is processed in a single pass through the firewall, regardless of the number of security features enabled. There is no additional performance impact for each feature because the firewall processes all security functions (such as threat prevention, URL filtering, and application control) simultaneously in a single pass. This architecture ensures high performance and low latency while maintaining robust security.

References:

Palo Alto Networks, Single Pass Parallel Processing (SP3) Whitepaper.

Palo Alto Networks, Firewall Performance and Architecture Documentation.

The three possible verdicts in WildFire Submissions log entries for a submitted sample are:

Benign: The sample is not considered harmful.

Spyware: The sample is identified as spyware, which is software designed to gather information about a person or organization without their knowledge.

Malicious: The sample is considered harmful and has the potential to cause damage or unauthorized access.

Grayware: The sample is not entirely benign nor fully malicious. It may exhibit behaviors that are suspicious or undesirable, such as adware or other unwanted software.

These classifications help in determining the necessary security measures and responses. Phishing, while a threat type, is not a separate WildFire verdict in the context of the WildFire analysis logs.

When generating an SLR (Security Lifecycle Review) report for a school concerned about students accessing inappropriate websites, the SE should:

Remove unwanted categories listed under 'High Risk' and focus on categories that are relevant to the school's concerns. This approach allows the SE to tailor the report to highlight specific URL categories that the school is worried about, such as adult content, violence, or other inappropriate material.

By customizing the report to emphasize these categories, the SE can effectively demonstrate the firewall's capability to detect and block access to inappropriate websites, addressing the school's specific concerns directly.

This customization ensures that the SLR report is relevant and useful for the customer's needs, showcasing the firewall's strengths in URL filtering and content control.

Palo Alto Networks firewalls support several methods for mapping users to IP addresses, which are critical for implementing user-based security policies:

eDirectory Monitoring: The firewall can monitor Novell eDirectory servers to map IP addresses to usernames by reading user login events from the eDirectory server. This method is often used in environments where eDirectory is the primary directory service​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks Knowledge Base)​.

Client Probing: This method involves the firewall sending probes to the client machines to verify user login information. Probing can use protocols like NetBIOS, WMI, or XFF headers to collect user-to-IP mapping information directly from the clients​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​.

Active Directory Monitoring: The firewall can monitor Microsoft Active Directory domain controllers to collect user login events. This method is widely used in environments where Active Directory is the primary directory service. It provides real-time user mapping by tracking user logins and logouts across the domain controllers​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (Palo Alto Networks)​​ (LIVEcommunity | Palo Alto Networks)​.

The Palo Alto Networks platform approach to security offers several key benefits:

Operational Efficiencies: By automating incident review and response, the platform reduces the need for manual intervention, thereby decreasing the mean time to resolution (MTTR). This streamlines security operations and allows teams to focus on more strategic tasks.

Increased Security: The scalable cloud-delivered security services (CDSS) provided by Palo Alto Networks ensure that security measures can be dynamically scaled to meet the needs of the organization, offering robust protection against evolving threats.

Cost Savings: The platform reduces the overall IT management effort and device requirements, leading to significant cost savings. This is achieved through integrated solutions that minimize the need for multiple disparate security products and simplify management.

To ensure that firewalls have the most current set of signatures for up-to-date protection, it is recommended to use dynamic updates with the most aggressive schedule required by business needs. Dynamic updates allow the firewall to automatically download and install the latest threat signatures and security updates from Palo Alto Networks. This approach minimizes the window of vulnerability by ensuring that the firewall is consistently equipped with the most recent protections against emerging threats. Setting an aggressive update schedule ensures timely application of critical updates, enhancing the overall security posture of the network.